LIBRARY, PM SHRI KV NO-1 AIR FORCE STATION JORHAT

Quiz/GK on World health Day (7th April)

1. Concerning the World Health Organization (WHO), consider the following statements:

1. Established in 1948, WHO is a UN agency that promotes health, ensures safety, and supports the vulnerable for global well-being.

2. The WHO’s headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland.

3. Recently, the U.S. and Russia both withdrew from WHO.

Select the correct option from the codes given below:

[A] Only one

[B] Only two

[C] Only three

[D] None

Correct Answer: B [Only two]

Notes:

• Established in 1948, WHO is a UN agency that promotes health, ensures safety, and supports the vulnerable for global well-being. Correct: The World Health Organization (WHO), established in 1948, is a specialized agency of the United Nations that connects nations, partners, and people to promote health, keep the world safe, and serve the vulnerable – so everyone, everywhere can attain the highest level of health.

• The WHO’s headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland. Correct: The headquarters of the WHO is located in Geneva, Switzerland, serving as the central hub for its operations and international collaborations.

• Recently, the U.S. and Russia both withdrew from WHO. Incorrect: Though the US exited but Russia is a member of the World Health Organization (WHO).

2.Which country has been certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO) in January 2025?

[A] Azerbaijan

[B] Georgia

[C] Armenia

[D] Moldova

Correct Answer: B [Georgia]

Notes:

Georgia has been certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization. It is located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and West Asia, in the Transcaucasia region. Malaria is a life-threatening fever caused by Plasmodium parasites spread by infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. It is primarily found in tropical countries and is not contagious. The disease cannot spread from person to person; transmission occurs through mosquito bites.

3.Consider the following statements regarding malaria:

1. Georgia has been certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO).

2. Malaria is a contagious disease transmitted through the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes.

3. The first symptoms of malaria usually appear within 10–15 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

[A] Only one

[B] Only two

[C] Only three

[D] None

Correct Answer: B [Only two ]

Notes:

• Georgia has been certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO). Correct: Following a nearly century-long effort, Georgia has been certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO).

• Malaria is a contagious disease transmitted through the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes. Incorrect: Malaria is an acute febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, spread through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. It is a life-threatening disease mainly found in tropical regions and is not contagious.

• The first symptoms of malaria usually appear within 10–15 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. Correct: The first symptoms of malaria usually begin within 10–15 days after the bite from an infected mosquito. Fever, headache and chills are typically experienced, though these symptoms may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria.

4.Recently, which country has announced its exit from the World Health Organization (WHO)?

[A] United States of America (USA)

[B] Russia

[C] India

[D] France

Correct Answer: A [United States of America (USA)]

Notes:

The United States announced its exit from the World Health Organization (WHO), with President Donald Trump citing mishandling of the COVID-19 pandemic and political influence from member states. Trump criticized the WHO for “unfair payments” and claimed it failed to act independently from countries like China. The U.S. contributes around 18% of WHO’s funding, with its 2024-2025 budget at $6.8 billion. Trump accused the WHO of aiding China’s efforts to mislead about COVID-19 origins, a claim the WHO denies. The withdrawal will take 12 months, ending U.S. financial contributions to the agency.

5.According to World Health Organization, which country has reported the highest global burden of cholera?

[A] Yemen

[B] Egypt

[C] Iran

[D] Kuwait

Correct Answer: A [Yemen]

Notes:

Yemen is the most cholera-affected country globally, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). Cholera is a diarrheal infection caused by consuming food or water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae. Most cases show mild or no symptoms and can be treated with oral rehydration solution, but it can be fatal without prompt treatment. Safe access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is critical for cholera prevention. The Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) is an effective tool for cholera prevention and control.

6.The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated which day as “Ayush Medical Coding and Records Day”?

[A] January 5

[B] January 8

[C] January 9

[D] January 10

Correct Answer: D [January 10]

Notes:

WHO declared January 10 as “Ayush Medical Coding and Records Day,” starting next year. The announcement was made at the 10th World Ayurveda Congress in Dehradun, India. Ayush represents traditional practices like yoga, naturopathy, Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) will lead the observance. The Hyderabad-based National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage (NIIMH), WHO’s collaboration center in India, will work with CCRAS. Their goal is to develop a roadmap for capacity building and global classification of traditional health interventions. The initiative promotes evidence-based traditional medicine and global integration of ancient systems.

7.Recently, which country was officially declared malaria free by the World Health Organization?

[A] Cuba

[B] India

[C] Kenya

[D] Egypt

Correct Answer: D [Egypt]

Notes:

Egypt was officially declared malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO). Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, spread through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. It is life-threatening but not contagious and mainly found in tropical regions. Five parasite species cause malaria, with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax being the most dangerous. Symptoms like fever, headache, and chills start 10–15 days after the mosquito bite. Some people in malaria-endemic areas may be infected but show no symptoms. Vector control is the key method for preventing malaria and reducing transmission.

8.Recently, which country has recently declared leprosy-free country by the World Health Organization (WHO)?

[A] China

[B] Jordan

[C] India

[D] Thailand

Correct Answer: B [Jordan]

Notes:

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Jordan the first country in the world to eliminate leprosy, a major public health achievement. WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus praised Jordan for its efforts to stop leprosy transmission and reduce its stigma. Jordan has not reported any local cases of leprosy for over 20 years. The declaration followed an independent assessment of the situation in the country. Despite Jordan’s success, leprosy still affects over 120 countries, with more than 200,000 new cases reported annually.

9.Which city of Nepal recently recognized as a ‘healthy city’ by the World Health Organization?

[A] Bharatpur

[B] Biratnagar

[C] Dhulikhel

[D] Dharan

Correct Answer: C [Dhulikhel]

Notes:

Dhulikhel, Nepal, is the first city in the country to be recognized as a “healthy city” by the World Health Organization (WHO). Dhulikhel is located in the Kavrepalanchok district, about 18 miles from Kathmandu. The WHO monitored Dhulikhel for two years before making the announcement in August 2024. The WHO’s decision was based on factors like environmental improvements, progress in primary health care, and access to health for poor citizens. Dhulikhel was also named the second healthiest city in Asia.

10.Recently, World Health Organization (WHO) declared which virus a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)?

[A] Ebola virus

[B] Zika virus

[C] Monkeypox virus

[D] SARS-CoV-2 virus

Correct Answer: C [Monkeypox virus]

Notes:

The WHO declared mpox a “public health emergency of international concern” (PHEIC) for the second time in two years. A PHEIC is a serious and unexpected health event that spreads internationally and needs a coordinated global response. Mpox is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double-stranded DNA virus from the Orthopoxvirus genus. There are two genetic clades of MPXV: clade I and clade II. mpox was first reported in humans in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

11.Recently, which organization announced the New World Soil Health Index at International conference on Soils?

[A] UNESCO

[B] UNICEF

[C] UNEP

[D] UNDP

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [UNESCO]

Notes:

UNESCO introduced the New World Soil Health Index at an international conference in Morocco to standardize soil quality assessment globally. It aims to monitor soil degradation trends and improvements across different ecosystems. UNESCO will pilot sustainable soil management in ten Biosphere Reserves to develop best practices. Globally, soil degradation affects 75% of land, impacting 3.2 billion people, and is projected to reach 90% by 2050. In India, 32% of land is degraded, with 25% undergoing desertification due to various factors including deforestation and industrial pollution.

12.World Migration Report and Migration Health Annual Report, recently seen in news, are published by which organization?

[A] International Organization for Migration (IOM)

[B] International Labour Organization (ILO)

[C] World Bank

[D] UNICEF

Correct Answer: A [International Organization for Migration (IOM)]

Notes:

At least 49 migrants died and 140 others went missing after a boat capsized off Yemen’s coast, the U.N. migration agency reported on June 11. The International Organization for Migration (IOM), established in 1951 and headquartered in Geneva, aids governments and migrants. With 175 member states, it focuses on migration health, emergency operations, migration development, and counter-trafficking, publishing the World Migration Report and Migration Health Annual Report.

13.Recently, what does World Health Organization (WHO) term pathogens that transmit through air?

[A] Waterborne pathogens

[B] Infectious respiratory particles

[C] Swine flu

[D] Parkinson syndrome

Correct Answer: B [Infectious respiratory particles]

Notes:

The World Health Organization (WHO) introduces the term ‘Infectious Respiratory Particles’ (IRPs) to describe pathogens transmitted through the air, addressing a lack of common terminology during the COVID-19 pandemic. IRPs encompass particles expelled through breathing, talking, coughing, or sneezing. They exist across a spectrum of sizes, with two descriptors: Airborne transmission (inhalation) and Direct deposition (exposure to expelled particles). This clarifies communication and aids efforts to combat pathogen transmission.

14.Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO), has certified which country as a malaria-free country?

[A] Cabo Verde

[B] Nigeria

[C] Tanzania

[D] Kenya

Correct Answer: A [Cabo Verde]

Notes:

Cabo Verde, a group of islands off the west coast of Africa, has been certified as malaria-free by the World Health Organization. This volcanic archipelago, comprising ten islands and five islets, boasts a moderate climate and diverse terrain. The population, mainly of mixed European and African descent, speaks Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole. Praia serves as the capital. The achievement of malaria-free status marks a significant milestone for the nation’s public health efforts.

15.World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 11 TM Module 2, Morbidity Codes launch event will be held in which region?

[A] New Delhi

[B] Bombay

[C] Chennai

[D] Bengaluru

Correct Answer: A [New Delhi]

Notes:

The World Health Organization (WHO) is set to launch the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 11 TM Module 2, Morbidity Codes in a New Delhi. The ICD, developed by WHO, serves as a global system for classifying diseases, providing essential information on the prevalence, causes, and consequences of human diseases and death worldwide. The existing data is predominantly based on modern biomedicine practices.  The ICD plays a crucial role in health recording and statistics across various levels of care, influencing payment systems, service planning, safety administration, and health services research.

16.Recently, World Health Organization has prequalified the R21/Matrix-M vaccine to prevent which disease?

[A] Malaria

[B] Measles

[C] Meningitis

[D] Monkeypox

Correct Answer: A [Malaria ]

Notes:

The World Health Organization has prequalified the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, enabling broader global access. In October 2023, WHO recommended the vaccine’s use in children based on expert advice. Prequalification facilitates procurement by UNICEF and funding from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. This is the second WHO-prequalified malaria vaccine after RTS,S/AS01 obtained prequalification status in July 2022. The new vaccine aims to prevent malaria in children, a key step in malaria control efforts.

17.NOMA has recently been included in the World Health Organization’s list of neglected tropical diseases. Which body parts does this affect?

[A] Brain

[B] Face and Mouth

[C] Intestine

[D] Kidney

Correct Answer: B [Face and Mouth]

Notes:

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently added noma, a severe gangrenous disease affecting the mouth and face, to its list of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Also known as cancrum oris, noma has a staggering mortality rate of approximately 90% and is closely associated with extreme poverty, malnutrition, and inadequate access to sanitation and oral hygiene.

Primarily impacting children aged 2-6 in impoverished communities. Symptoms include gum inflammation believed to be caused by oral bacteria. Noma often initiates as an ulcer on the mucous membrane, frequently following measles or other illnesses. Survivors may experience facial disfigurement, jaw muscle spasms, oral incontinence, and speech difficulties. Historically known as the ‘face of poverty,’ noma was prevalent in the Western world but diminished with economic progress. Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) constitute a diverse group of infections prevalent in low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. These diseases are caused by various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and parasitic worms (helminths).

18.World Health Organization has asked more information on clusters of undiagnosed pneumonia, in which country?

[A] China

[B] Afghanistan

[C] Israel

[D] Russia

Correct Answer: A [China]

Notes:

WHO cited media reports and a global infectious disease monitoring service as reporting clusters of undiagnosed pneumonia in children in northern China and formally requested more details from China earlier this week.

Chinese officials say they did not detect any unusual or novel diseases in the country, the World Health Organization said, after an official request by the U.N. health agency for information about a potentially worrying spike in respiratory illnesses and clusters of pneumonia in children.

19.As per World Health Organization (WHO), how many beds are advised per 1000 people, as healthcare infrastructure?

[A] 1

[B] 3

[C] 5

[D] 10

Correct Answer: B [3]

Notes:

As per the Global Healthcare Report, India is currently grappling with a shortage of 2 billion square feet of healthcare infrastructure to adequately serve its population of 1.42 billion.

The World Health Organization (WHO) advises a ratio of 3 beds per 1000 people, indicating that India requires an additional 2.4 million beds to meet the recommended standards.

20.The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially recognized which condition as a grave global health threat?

[A] Loneliness

[B] Social Exclusion

[C] Racism

[D] Casteism

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Loneliness]

Notes:

The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially recognized loneliness as a significant global health concern and has initiated multiple efforts to combat this pervasive issue.

WHO has formed an international commission to address the problem, with leadership roles held by Dr. Vivek Murthy, the US surgeon general, and Chido Mpemba, the youth envoy at the African Union Commission.